Symptoms And Treatment Of Lung Adenocarcinomas - 1275 Words

TTF-1 ( Nkx2-1), a homeodomain-containing nuclear transcription factor has been a marker in the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinomas and in differentiating them from tumors of other origin.(1) Nkx2-1 is known for its transcriptional activity in the developing lung, thyroid and forebrain. Altered expression of TTF-1 resulting from mutations, polymorphisms and/or epigenetic modifications can predispose an individual to developmental disorders including thyroid dygenesis and thyroid cancer.(2) Mutations of the TTF-1 gene that induce haploinsufficiency may endow a negative effect on the wild-type gene.(3) Nkx2.1 is essentially involved with morphogenesis in the lung by modulating epithelial-mesenchymal interaction. Mouse models with functional†¦show more content†¦(16) Perhaps the most compelling evidence from the recent NordiQC assessment on TTF-1, has established clones SP141 and SPT24 as being more sensitive than clone 8G7G3/1.(17) Most studies reveal better prognosis for lung adenocarcinomas that express TTF-1 on immunohistochemistry.(18-22) Interestingly, patients with TTF-1 positivity on IHC have had lower FGDG uptake on PET scans and this could be considered a marker of good prognosis.(23) A reasonable explanation involves TTF-1 conferring an antiangiogenic state to lung cancer cells thereby accounting for better prognosis.(24) In addition, TTF-1 inhibits TGFÃŽ ² (that promotes EMT and invasiveness) in lung adenocarcinoma.(25) However other studies found that TTF-1 expression enables cell proliferation and promotes carcinogenesis favoring poorer prognosis.(26-28) Studies on TTF-1 negative tumors too are concordant with these results.(29) The mutation status of p53 in these tumors is believed to be a contributory factor.(30) Additionally, amplifications of the TTF-1 gene are common in lung adenocarcinomas and the majority of them are associated with poor prognosis.(31-34) It appears that the clone of antibody used, influences the TTF-1 expression in tumors.(35, 36) Although TTF-1 was thought to be a specific maker for lung adenocarcinomas, positive staining with IHC for adenocarcinomas of other origin becameShow MoreRelatedLung Cancer Term Paper1559 Words   |  7 PagesLung Cancer Week 6 Term Paper for Professor Inglis Kelvin Samuels Introduction My topic for this term paper will be lung cancer. 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